Mosque

The mosque - this building, where the faithful gather for worship, prayer.

Sacred to Muslims building is a building that stands alone, without the dome. The mosque includes a small inner courtyard. Near the mosque built special minarets (towers, usually their number ranges from one to nine), whose principal objective - is to convene of the faithful Muslims to prayer. The very premise for prayer, prayer hall, decorated modestly and without unnecessary decoration. The only decoration of the walls in the prayer hall can be lines of the Muslim holy book the Koran.

From an operational standpoint, the domestic construction of the mosque can be summarized as follows. Part of the mosque, which aims to holy Mecca for the Muslims, is in the construction mihrab (blank deepening). Right from where the minbar (a special chair in which the preacher, imam at Friday prayers worshipers bead).

Virtually every mosque and madrassa supplemented (the so-called Sunday schools).

The following types of worship among Muslims: the simplest and most modest version found in Mangyshlake. This is usually fenced area with a small prayer in the middle; mosque quarterly - it held daily prayers; Kabir - is at the center of a large city; cathedral - it held a total Friday prayers, Musa - The General mosque, which is an open platform.

By the structural elements of the mosque include the following: sacred niche (mihrab); mihrab, which is located in the yard (Anazi); Dept. of Imam (minbar); place for the secular lord in a mosque (maksura); stand for Imam holy book the Koran (Dick);

Despite these positive features in the traditionally Muslim countries, mosques have similar structure and interior decoration.

Synagogue

The synagogue is the Jewish religious structure, where they send their religious customs. From the Greek Synagogue translated as «meeting». The synagogue has become a high value in a religious cult with the destruction of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. In the canonical Judaism synagogue occupies an important place, behind Hramu. Hence the traditional name of Synagogue «mikdash meat» (mini-shrine).

Archaeological excavations indicate that the Synagogue appeared about twenty five centuries ago in Babylon. Ethnic Jews, in order to conduct religious ceremonies came to the house of his neighbors to pray and read the sacred Torah. Based on such small assembly and the idea of building the first synagogue. The emergence of the first prototype of the synagogue has created regulations that all Jews must not fail to pray and study the sacred Torah only collectively.

It is noteworthy that the synagogue itself has played an important in the development of the traditions of Judaism, but also formed the foundations of collective worship.

From a functional part of the synagogue were: downtown synagogue was Bima - a place where the preacher reading passages from the Holy Torah. Next is inextinguishable lamp - its constant light is constant faith in the hearts of parishioners. Near him was a large plate with 10 commandments on it.

The Office of the synagogue has a special elected person from among the most worthy parishioners.

The most famous synagogue include: Hurva in Jerusalem.

Orthodox temple

For the faithful, orthodox church is a place where religious worship and other religious processes.
The earliest followers of the Christian religion in the early use for their ceremonial Jerusalem Temple. Then, when the Jerusalem temple turned into ruins, the first Christians began to use their home or the Synagogue rites nobles and wealthy Jews. In an era of harassment of the Christian faith on the part of the official Rome, Christians used the old mines and caves.

Christians have been indulgence in the town of 313, with the recognition of Christianity at the official level. Since then, the earlier pagan temples began to remodel for the needs of the Christian church.

A special role in the fate of Christianity in Jerusalem has played a mother of Constantine, built the house the Holy Sepulcher, which went into the books on architecture and design of sacred buildings for many centuries later. Then came the famous St. Sophia Cathedral, which was then copied to the centers of Orthodoxy in Kiev and Sofia.

The two cathedral formed the so-called canonical tradition of erecting places of worship: the Cathedral was apparently to remind or cross or a circle (symbol of faith in the Lord) (eternal symbol). Next housed in the cathedral church-porch, which was used for those who want pokrestitsya and willing to repent. Altar church separated from the rest of the iconostasis.

The first Orthodox churches in the territory of Russia are usually built of white stone. The main temples built in Russia from the tree and were small in size.

Architects provide the following types of Orthodox churches: one dome, three dome, five dome, seven dome, thirteen dome (Christ and the 12 apostles). The main form of a dome cross or a circle.