Atheism as a religion

Verbatim symbol of the word - do not take life without the divine and supernatural forces. The term first appeared in France. A long time, the term underwent many changes, much depended on a particular historical epoch. In an era of the Spanish Inquisition, when only one word atheist could fall into the torture chamber or the Inquisition to the fire, a rare man dared to say that he did not believe. In an era of the French Revolution, when there is rapid development of society, scientific thought is beginning to explain many things that previously were beyond human God, atheism is beginning to be perceived as usual attitude of the educated person of that era. In the XXI century has shifted consciousness. Our practical science to explain all phenomena, and we now have the freedom to choose between faith and atheism.

Many people believe that atheist - a man who completely exclude a faith, but it is not quite true. For atheists, there are certain religions that are acceptable to them - because does not have a nucleus of his belief in the supernatural - Buddhism.

The main argument of atheists - the existence of extraterrestrial and supernatural and the divine power can not prove practical. They further argue humanitarian disciplines: sociology, history, etc., to prove its truth. The most frequent arguments against a supernatural religion: there is no scientific evidence; religion - an invention of death, religion is merely a way to control the masses;

The term atheism in the beginning of its existence, used as an impish treatment to all or anything, or who contradict common beliefs or religion. Only after many years of that term has become today's value. Adopted distinguish between strong atheism (complete rejection of God and a willingness to prove their point of view); weak atheism (disbelief in the existence of a specific manifestation of God); theoretical atheism (use science as a refutation of God); anthropological atheism (human above the beginning of the divine).

The dispute believers and atheists are many centuries, each side is prepared to lead a lot of arguments to defend their arguments. Each individual is free to make their own choices based on their arguments.

New Age

Literally «new age», is a general name for the various religious currents. According to historians date the beginning of this area is the end of World II, a peak of development - the seventies century that has passed. The basis for this was esoteric and the desire to build a world in its kanonah. Etymology title of the course goes back to the faith of the early «new age», which will bring universal peace and harmony in the twenty-first century. New Age in itself does not include a strict hierarchy or malomalskuyu structure.

Followers of the areas considered sacred and possess a magic power quartz crystals.

The main causes of the current outbreak have been socio-cultural events middle of the last century. The company began to deviate from the normal, considering their last vestige of life. Especially hot this protest against the traditions of the past voiced young people who wanted to find their way. Against this backdrop, a draft of the entire previously unknown: Eastern philosophy, as unique and, accordingly, very inviting to the western world is beginning to penetrate into different spheres of life: medicine, popkultura, style, cuisine, etc. Popular culture is beginning to dominate the minds of men more people start to believe more in what they told the media. Against this backdrop, the role and influence of the Christian religion down to nothing.

The main article criticizing the direction is too narrow and one-sided interpretation of the Bible and the theories and science. Representatives of the direction selective approach to everything, rejecting completely that do not fit into their world vision. Ministers blamed on this aspect of wanting to put faith in the Lord for commercial and popkulturnye track. Despite all these attacks, within this area, there are conservative currents, which are the basis for the preservation of moral and ethical side of faith, as a way of human development.

Scientology

In the Russian language is translated as «knowledge of the existence of knowledge». This period is relatively young, since it was established only in the middle of last century writer Hubbard, who aimed to raise human nature and consciousness to a higher level. At the core of the current stay ethics, morality, self - as a means of achieving a new stage of development of society.

The term «Scientology» for the first time can be found in the product Apvarda «new word». This product was the importance of the term «idealist».

Adopted allocate two branches of the flow: Free Zone (became available as an independent after a split in the mid-eighties XX century. Do not recognize the rest of the Scientologists); the Church of Scientology, which leads back to the middle of last century.

The geography of the spread of this course is very wide. Especially booming its followers are those people who wish for a short period of time to get the glory of success and wealth. An integral part of Scientology is an external impact, which should show how easily become successful and famous, if you follow this philosophy in life.

The main provisions of this area include: a man of immortality - dying in a physical shell, he continues to live in the spiritual envelope; positive person by nature, but in life are negative aspects that make it negative, the truth is not universal. For each it its own.

The main action Scientologists is direct personal contact with already have experience of Scientology. Such direct communication allows each individual to identify the most important step for himself that he needed to go on the path of spiritual formation.

Occultism

This area is important - «belief in the mystical relationship of people and the world of darkness». At the core of the teachings lies the conviction that there was a link between the invisible world of spirits and the world people. Followers of the current attempt to reveal the latent potential of society through the penetration into the world of spirits.

It should make a reservation, that nowadays epithet «occult» attributable to anything that goes beyond traditional religion, often within the meaning of «sectarian». Indeed paradoksalen and the fact that generally uses occult practices and traditional religions, but in this case they were not called occult.
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The structure of occultism provide the following structural parts: Predictions - control the validity of a person using the supernatural abilities; «sixth sense» - the ability priotkryvat hanging over the future and see that coming, astrology - the ability to predict future luminary; Numerology - the impact of numbers on the fate of rights. In occultism whimsically intertwined different religions and faith - such traditions can yazychnichestva adjoining with Christian traditions.

The main objective of the theoretical directions - is the knowledge of the internal soul and essence of Rights, which is outside the usual understanding of science. This provision has had its impact on science itself. As a result of human desires priotkryt drape over the secrecy of the universe, appears alchemy. The followers of this science considered sorcerers, who went to a contract with the devil to gain higher skills and opportunities.

Modern Christianity rejects occultism in all its forms and manifestations, calling him the creatures owner of hell, with a view to the temptation to shower.

Despite such one-sided interpretation of the concept of «Occult» in human psychology, as «the teachings of Satan», is worth noting that the «Occult» is the ancient knowledge and the human desire to know the world around. Thus, the next time you meet with this notion - Think before hanging the label «fiendish».

Satanism

Satanism or devil worship, came as a reaction to society over and above the dominance of Christianity. The basis of faith Satanist - Satan, who borrowed from the Holy Scriptures, but his image has become strictly opposed to Satanism. Satan was the epitome of strength and power that can lead to a new person.

Etymology notion «Satanism» goes back to the sixteenth century. In an era of the Middle Ages, the term «Satanism» was not the importance that he received today. First published sources, which meets this concept is the work of Martin Luther. In his book, it was the importance of «currents in the religion, which was in opposition to the official Christianity».

Art notok in Satanism, introduced the notion of the nineteenth century, when writers began to romanticize it. The most striking cases romantizatsii the concept in the literature can be considered a work of «There is at the bottom», in which Satanism has been described as the only way.

The main banner of Satan is a sign Bafometa, overturned a five-star.

The combination of the three shesterok, which attributed mystical properties and devilish - is merely erroneous translation of Roman numerals and numbers in Arabic, not a Satan.

In the coming century, many young people are beginning not so much because of the fact that they share a philosophy satanizma, but rather as a blow fashion, to use in everyday life attributes satanizma. The most striking example of this is different metallers, who in his image uses symbols satanizma. The most extreme and the extreme manifestation of this area is where mentally ill people start killing others, justifying all «obsession Satan» or «struggle with Satan». All these things were the definition of a «pseSatanism».

Theosophy

Theosophy, or the more common name of theology - the doctrine of God. As a means «knowledge of God», «the wisdom of this religion». The most famous theorists of the course include German theologian Jakob Böhme, Paracelsus. The origin of this term leads to the second century AD. Historians put the term in the mouth Ammonium Sakkasa as it firsthand. It is believed that it Sakkas an ancestor of philosophical theology.

The main objective of the followers of this current set - to find common ground between different religions and currents, to stop hatred based on the rejection of other religions. Subsequently, theology has become increasingly dependent on the Church, which tried as much as possible to limit the cravings of human knowledge of God, for it would have shaken monopoly church as a mediator between mortals and God.

In connection with such dedication for the church to prevent the death of their secrets, theology begins to use «mystical experience», as a way of knowledge of God. That is on top begins to go very identity of communication with God and those feelings, knowledge and experience that while this person was called. Later this experience and knowledge to systematize, in the hope of finding common elements that could form the basis of theology.

The second cornerstone is a systematic theology of origin around the world - does not appear chaotic. In all has its own system and the idea of God, which is still mortal understand not given.

Now, taken theology disintegrate neoplatonizm, kabbalu, gnosticism, rozenkreytserstvo.

In Russia the greatest theoretical development of this trend has been in the works Blavatskoy to substantiate theology as doctrine - aimed to show the existence of universal, which are at the root of all world religions, with one sole purpose - to show that different religions and directions can peacefully exist with another and that any person has a speck of God.

Buddhism

Buddhism, or the teachings of who probudilsya. This area is based has a theory that every person dormant his spiritual essence, to be awake. For the first time this doctrine appears in the 6 century BC in Asia. Theory of the currents is considered to be the Buddha, in whose honor and was named this period.

The basic geography of the spread of this course - this is Asia. In the Russian Federation, the main halo distribution of this flow is Nebraska. It is noteworthy that this period has been its spread and to the west, and not very well-known people in the EU and the United States are beginning to study Buddhism as a way to the disclosure of internal capacity and care of the world popkultury and without spirituality.

At the core of Buddhist faith is based on all four principles: the principle of suffering as a means of otchistitsya merzkogo; origin of suffering, how to get rid of suffering; Life «awakening» without suffering.

With a view to the spiritual awakening of consciousness, Buddhists use the principle of nirvana, which are wisdom, concentration, morality. If a person should be strictly in his life to these principles, he not only «awakening» its spiritual essence, but can live without suffering.

The structure of Buddhism distinguish mahayanu (the desire to save all life around, also means love for all living creatures). The most prominent branch of this area - so Chinese and Tibetan Buddhism. This flow in turn divided into mahayanu (awakening spirituality in the world) and hinayanu (awakening spirituality only imagine); teravadu. Separately allocate vadzhrayanu - during which has received widespread in Mongolia.

In today's world begins to Buddhism often used by political radicals as a means to obtain their goals. The most striking example - this chain of events that surrounded the Olympic fire on a journey of peace, where separatists prikryvalis ideals of Buddhism to express themselves.

Despite attempts by the politicization of Buddhism, it remains one of the most ancient religions, which is based on creativity and self-knowledge, life in harmony with the surrounding world.

Islam

The most common religion in the Muslim world. At the core of this religion is one God (monotheism). According to historians, is the founder of Islam Mohammed, who received from God the basic moral and ethical rules of living death. Many theologians are similarities between Christianity - many of the individual from the Bible, there are in the holy Muslim book the Koran, but with other names.

The following directions in Islam: Sunni (which have contributed to the death of Muhammad) and the Shiites. The main difference between the two is the argument - who may be the head of the Muslims - only relatives and heirs of Mohammed, or also the most decent Muslims. The most strongly custodians of the traditions of Islam are Haridzhity. The most radical direction in Islam is Wahhabism - whose followers are starting to hide behind religion as a justification for its brutality as a means to achieve selfish goals.

The geographic area the appearance that religion can be described as Western Arabia.

The main provisions of Islam is: God created man, breathing with the piece itself, only the righteous, in whose heart is always Allah, the importance of faith - faith in god Allah and live by it the Manual; to the most strict Islamic pochitaemym items include: compulsory attendance holy Mecca (hajj); help the poor (Zakat); obligatory prayer (salyat), the prophet of Allah (Muhammad);

Standards of Conduct, which must obey the orthodox Muslim and penalties for failure to comply with these rules are collected in the Shariah. The basis of sharia is the Koran. In some branches of Islam permitted the use of Shariah rules «precedent» (kyyas) and the withdrawal of the elders (ijtihad).

The foundation of Islam is a peaceful and creative existence of people and nations, those who under the flag of Islam is sowing destruction and evil - merely trying beautiful rhetoric odurmanit doubters people, the idea that only destroying the infidels can be reached at the mercy of Allah.

Christianity

Christianity - 1 out of 4 the most "popular" world religions. Its origins Christianity leads to the Great Eastern Roman Empire. Originally, Christianity was a period in Judaism. Founder of the religion is considered to be Jesus Christ.

An important fact is that virtually anywhere in the world can be found Christian communities.

At the core of Christianity is the belief in one God. The major moral and ethical precepts for Christians are those that are listed in the Bible. At the core of Holy Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit); to Christianity human soul immortal, spiritual above material;

In Christianity, providing the following sacrament: baptism (Dedication to the faith), miropomazane (transfer of soul grace of the Holy Spirit), confession (repentance soul of sins), hands (assigning spiritual dignity), extreme unction (in case of serious illness), marriage (a combination of God two souls).

Christianity was divided many times, the reasons for this were various conflicts of interests, attitudes. The first section took place because of the land issue when the official Byzantium learned that the Byzantine rites are beginning to be replaced at Constantinople. Conflict of Interest 2 points of Christianity and led to the first division. Further divisions were based on the failure of the new rites (5desyatniki), thirst greater influence (PCM), etc. Despite all these parts of them are exactly Christian values.

The Christian religion assigns rank «sacred» those who have distinguished themselves particularly righteous life and deeds. What particularly stresses the importance in which canonization, the length of the procedure: only with the passage of time, a large segment of the church will decide in which of the canonization, only after weighing all «for» and «against». Only the most exceptional cases, the church prisvaivala given the title of «sacred» those who in life was marked by a divine: John Paul II, Mother Teresa.

World Religions

By definition «the world's religions» fell faith or religion, which is widely distributed throughout the globe and has a large number of followers. To date, under this definition falls Hinduism, Christianity, Confucianism, Judaism.

The term «world religions» dates back to the Western philosophical school, precisely to the western branch of Christianity. The desire of the Roman Catholic Church samovozvysitsya and led to the term, within the meaning of «Christianity - the world's religions».

The title «world religion» is not attributable simply, but only in cases where religion meets specific requirements. These requirements made UN: 1) a large number of followers around the world, 2) the prevalence of the religion among different ethnic groups and nationalities; 3) is strictly formed the theoretical basis of religion, 4) should be the state religion, at least in several countries; 5) cult that religion should be the same (or almost) in different countries of proliferation.

According to United Nations statistics, the world's religions have the following percentage distribution (the percentage of followers of the religion of the total population): Christianity (33%), Islam (20%), Hinduism (13%), traditional religion and beliefs of China ( 6,3%), Buddhism (5.9%).

Suprotiv group «world religions» emit a group of «regional religions», which have many followers, but only in limited areas: animism (around 30 million followers), neopaganizm (4 million followers), universalism (800 thousand followers). This religion spread in the territory, which has strict geographical scope, but, in the territory inhabited a large number of people, which is a follower of these movements. This fact makes these regional religion and beliefs so many.

Abrahamic religions

The main characteristic of these religions - that belief in one god (monotheism) and full (or partial) use in his religious cult Old Testament. The historical roots of these religions go back to drevnesemitskoy stories, in particular the Patriarch Abraham.

Second, frequently the name of these religions are religions «Revelations». This title shows that the supreme deity opened the foundation of faith through his mortal prophet.

These adopted include Religion: Islam, Judaism, Christianity.

Etymology of all Abrahamic religions confined to a single ancient religions - Judaism, which was distributed in the first century BC. Subsequently, under the influence of different factors (cultural, social, traditional) Judaism begins to acquire national characteristics, which resulted in the establishment of various religions. Historians agree that the major written source of all faiths considered Torah.

Differences in religions begins in the individual supreme god. Each religion has its own distinctive features that they are unquestioned sacred. For example, for Christians, Christ is the Son of God, Savior of human souls. And for Muslims it is merely one of the prophets of Allah.

Theologians and historians agree that all major world religions have one common root of origin. This fact makes any debate about «different religions» pointless, because, in fact, religion is a common and unifying all the root - the belief and the desire to live in peace and harmony.

Magic

According to theologians and historians, the magic is ancestress of religion. After all, in fact, religion is nothing but a characteristic of a developed society, with a clear hierarchical structure. But what existed in the early stages of the birth of our civilization? The answer is simple - magic.

In the early stages of the birth of civilization, our ancestors believed in a mystical world of magic, which has a permanent impact on their lives. They also believe in magical creatures, which need to sacrifice and gifts to avoid court by their anger. It should say that in our modern age people believed in magic, or magic, can not so consciously, but unconsciously.

The most frequent philosophical explanation for such a strong belief in the magic of the people is what has been asked to materialist philosophy: 1) limited understanding of faith «given» large field maneuvers magic, and 2) that people could not understand - dread it, and people started to see this magic, 3) ministers of the cult used the term «Magic», to put parishioners astray for their own ends.

Scientific facts that would clearly answered the question of the existence of magic - no, which means that the «Magic» lies in belief or disbelief of every human being.

Many philosophers agree that religion emerged on the grounds of magic, when the human mind began to know and explain the world around him, but all the same: understanding the essence of the phenomenon - mg did not explain why the phenomenon occurs? Who will occur a phenomenon? In doing so, people started to look for a substance on what will happen all. The man began to speculate that there is some powerful force that controls their lives: if a person lives righteously - that he is happy to have him get in the event, when people are living sinful, and the sins of speech and thought and deed - the supreme power sends at such a sinner all sorts of misfortune and punishment - the main goal which is to urge him on the path of the righteous.

Religion

Religion is a form of the individual's confidence in the existence of supernatural. The basis of such beliefs is the human experience of faith and personal communication with the divine world, such as through prayer.

Every religion consists of a number of certain moral and ethical requirements that must comply with every sincere believer. The second part of religion is a unifying organization whose principal objective - the integration of people of faith and the possibility of communicating with God.

World Religions have written codes of dogmas, moral norms, prescriptions of behavior: the Koran, the Bible.

In religion allocated as follows: 1) philosophical - to teach the meaning of life believers, 2) compensation - helps overcome the difficult moments in life brings comfort, 3) Communications - Communication parishioners with each other and with God. 4) Regulatory - regulation of daily behavior of believers; 5) integrative - gives believers a sense of common life with other representatives of religious communities; 6) political - religion - it is a way for politicians to justify their actions; 7) cultural --

The relationship of religion and politics deserve special attention. For a long time policy of using religion as a cover for personal greed: the battle for power, money prikryvalis struggle for the purity of faith;

Mosque

The mosque - this building, where the faithful gather for worship, prayer.

Sacred to Muslims building is a building that stands alone, without the dome. The mosque includes a small inner courtyard. Near the mosque built special minarets (towers, usually their number ranges from one to nine), whose principal objective - is to convene of the faithful Muslims to prayer. The very premise for prayer, prayer hall, decorated modestly and without unnecessary decoration. The only decoration of the walls in the prayer hall can be lines of the Muslim holy book the Koran.

From an operational standpoint, the domestic construction of the mosque can be summarized as follows. Part of the mosque, which aims to holy Mecca for the Muslims, is in the construction mihrab (blank deepening). Right from where the minbar (a special chair in which the preacher, imam at Friday prayers worshipers bead).

Virtually every mosque and madrassa supplemented (the so-called Sunday schools).

The following types of worship among Muslims: the simplest and most modest version found in Mangyshlake. This is usually fenced area with a small prayer in the middle; mosque quarterly - it held daily prayers; Kabir - is at the center of a large city; cathedral - it held a total Friday prayers, Musa - The General mosque, which is an open platform.

By the structural elements of the mosque include the following: sacred niche (mihrab); mihrab, which is located in the yard (Anazi); Dept. of Imam (minbar); place for the secular lord in a mosque (maksura); stand for Imam holy book the Koran (Dick);

Despite these positive features in the traditionally Muslim countries, mosques have similar structure and interior decoration.

Synagogue

The synagogue is the Jewish religious structure, where they send their religious customs. From the Greek Synagogue translated as «meeting». The synagogue has become a high value in a religious cult with the destruction of the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. In the canonical Judaism synagogue occupies an important place, behind Hramu. Hence the traditional name of Synagogue «mikdash meat» (mini-shrine).

Archaeological excavations indicate that the Synagogue appeared about twenty five centuries ago in Babylon. Ethnic Jews, in order to conduct religious ceremonies came to the house of his neighbors to pray and read the sacred Torah. Based on such small assembly and the idea of building the first synagogue. The emergence of the first prototype of the synagogue has created regulations that all Jews must not fail to pray and study the sacred Torah only collectively.

It is noteworthy that the synagogue itself has played an important in the development of the traditions of Judaism, but also formed the foundations of collective worship.

From a functional part of the synagogue were: downtown synagogue was Bima - a place where the preacher reading passages from the Holy Torah. Next is inextinguishable lamp - its constant light is constant faith in the hearts of parishioners. Near him was a large plate with 10 commandments on it.

The Office of the synagogue has a special elected person from among the most worthy parishioners.

The most famous synagogue include: Hurva in Jerusalem.

Orthodox temple

For the faithful, orthodox church is a place where religious worship and other religious processes.
The earliest followers of the Christian religion in the early use for their ceremonial Jerusalem Temple. Then, when the Jerusalem temple turned into ruins, the first Christians began to use their home or the Synagogue rites nobles and wealthy Jews. In an era of harassment of the Christian faith on the part of the official Rome, Christians used the old mines and caves.

Christians have been indulgence in the town of 313, with the recognition of Christianity at the official level. Since then, the earlier pagan temples began to remodel for the needs of the Christian church.

A special role in the fate of Christianity in Jerusalem has played a mother of Constantine, built the house the Holy Sepulcher, which went into the books on architecture and design of sacred buildings for many centuries later. Then came the famous St. Sophia Cathedral, which was then copied to the centers of Orthodoxy in Kiev and Sofia.

The two cathedral formed the so-called canonical tradition of erecting places of worship: the Cathedral was apparently to remind or cross or a circle (symbol of faith in the Lord) (eternal symbol). Next housed in the cathedral church-porch, which was used for those who want pokrestitsya and willing to repent. Altar church separated from the rest of the iconostasis.

The first Orthodox churches in the territory of Russia are usually built of white stone. The main temples built in Russia from the tree and were small in size.

Architects provide the following types of Orthodox churches: one dome, three dome, five dome, seven dome, thirteen dome (Christ and the 12 apostles). The main form of a dome cross or a circle.

Religion

For a considerable period of time the church was an important part of our lives. In ancient Russia is not an important event did not occur without the church: weddings and funerals, communion, confession, etc. Even at first glance budnichnye events as: early sowing of crops, harvesting provisions in the cold period - all began with prayers at the Church of success. The temple has become an important part of social and cultural life of the entire town. But because human nature is multifaceted, therefore, religion itself has gradually evolved, new branches of Christianity. The Orthodox Church itself is beginning to share and appeared: Russian Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church, etc.

Despite the fact that religion is based is peaceful and creative people to exist on the planet, denying any violence, they long fought bloody battles under the banner of religion, many victims have been on the altar of ideas for the true faith - the most striking admission - that the Inquisition . Over time, humankind learned to be more tolerant of different religions: Buddhism, Islam, etc., have left those dark days when the representative of another religion was viewed as a leper. We have to understand that each religion has its own unique and inimitable hand, worthy of admiration: it is now, pribyvaya in the country with other religions, we can safely go to the synagogue, a mosque, to get acquainted with the traditions of different religions, to expand the boundaries of his horizon.

When has it seemed that the issue of religion has become a purely personal choice of each, it intervened in science. Scientists inquiring minds wanted to rationalize everything, and all drive into a strict framework of the formulas and rules. Science and religion have long been trying to co-exist: science research exposes religious artifacts to explain the scientific manifestation of the divine in them, but so far science only reached only one conclusion - the current level of development of scientific thought can not provide enough money to get to know God.

Despite all this, people are still in grave moment is trying to appeal to religion, hoping for help, understanding, forgiveness. The Temple of hours of frustration for us to become a place of appeasement and hope for the best.

Remember you need only one truth: to believe or not believe in God - matter as the choice of religion - a case too personal. Do not raze impose what religion to choose, because religion must come from within a person, not be imposed from outside it.

Let's try opened a on a complex issue of religion.